Institut pochvovedeniya i agrohimii Sibirskogo otdeleniya Rossiyskoy akademii nauk
Fungi play a significant role in any ecosystem, and their detailed study is essential for understanding the functioning of all components of biogeocenoses and for conserving biodiversity. Discomycetes, a polyphyletic group of fungi of the Ascomycota phylum, are unevenly studied across the country; the analysis of the taxonomic diversity of these fungi in urban landscapes has not been previously conducted. The article presents the results of the taxonomic analysis and assessment of the biodiversity of discomycetes of the urban plant landscape Lisyi Gorki (Foxes’ Hills), a site of exceptional nature conservation value located within Novosibirsk Akademgorodok. A total of 26 species of fungi belonging to 2 classes, 3 orders, 11 families and 18 genera were identified. Within the taxonomic structure, representatives of the order Pezizales constituted the highest proportion. Differences in the biological diversity of operculate and inoperculate species were observed. In the group of operculate fungi, the species saturation for the genus is 1.6, for the family is 3.2, and generic saturation of the family is 2.0. In contrast, the group of inoperculate discomycetes exhibited lower saturation coefficients, measuring 1.2; 1.4; 1.2, respectively. Operculate discomycetes are characterized by greater taxonomic richness, but demonstrated less uniformity of species distribution by their abundance within the community, compared to inoperculate ones. A comparative analysis of the mycobiota of discomycetes in the studied area and the known mycobiota of anthropogenic plant landscapes of various Russian territories revealed the predominance of operculate species within the overall structure of discomycetes. Moreover, the analysis determined a taxonomic similarity of Lisyi Gorki with the mycobiota of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, a protected area, which is related to biogeographical factors.
discomycetes, anthropogenic landscapes, biological diversity, taxonomic composition
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