The ideas and views of major Soviet figures about religion, its place in society and the fight against it in the period from 1918 to 1928, when the gradual establishment of Soviet power took place, are analyzed. The author comes to the conclusion that the views of Soviet leaders on religion during this period can be characterized as relatively liberal and only at the turn of 1928–1929. they will gradually begin to radicalize for a number of reasons. The main methods proposed by the authorities in the fight against religion are considered. Attention is drawn to the fact that in the texts and speeches of figures the importance of the gradual and non-violent eradication of religious thinking from society is repeatedly emphasized. However, after 1928, accusations of counter-revolutionary activities and demands for increased pressure on religious organizations and their leaders and changes in the nature of the policy towards the church began to appear in speeches.
religion, Soviet Union, church and government, Bolsheviks, atheistic propaganda.
1. Religion in the Soviet Union. // Workers International News, October 1945. URL: https://socialist.net/religion-in-the-soviet-union/
2. Alpyspaeva G. A., Zhuman G., Sametova G. S. Gosudarstvenno-konfessional'naya politika sovetskoy vlasti i ee osobennosti v Kazahstane v 1920-h gg. // Aktual'nye problemy gumanitarnyh
3. Badmaeva E. N. Religioznaya politika sovetskogo gosudarstva v period nepa: na primere Kalmyckoy avtonomnoy oblasti // Via in tempore. Istoriya. Politologiya. 2009. № 1(56). S. 107–113.
4. Buharin N. I. Cerkov' i shkola v Sovetskoy respublike. / N. Buharin. – Pg.: Gos. izd-vo, 1920. – 8 s.
5. Velikiy Oktyabr' i raskreposchenie zhenschin Severnogo Kavkaza i Zakavkaz'ya (1917–1936 gg.).
6. Iz stenogrammy obsuzhdeniya voprosa o merah po usileniyu antireligioznoy raboty na zasedanii Orgbyuro CK VKP(b). 10.12.1928. URL: http://hrono.ru/dokum/192dok/19281210ck.php
7. Iz cirkulyarnogo pis'ma CK VKP(b) «O merah po usileniyu antireligioznoy raboty»
8. Kiyashko N. V. Faktor «religioznogo nepa» v otnosheniyah sovetskoy vlasti s pravoslavnoy cerkov'yu na yuge RSFSR // Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 8. Istoriya. 2022. №2. S. 132–150.
9. Konfessional'naya politika sovetskogo gosudarstva. 1917-1991 gg.: Dokumenty i materialy v 6 t. T. 1 v 4 kn. 1917-1924 gg. Kn. 1. Central'nye rukovodyaschie organy RKP(b)
10. Konfessional'naya politika sovetskogo gosudarstva. 1917–1991 gg.: Dokumenty i materialy v 6 t. T. 1 v 4 kn. 1917–1924 gg. Kn.
11. Krapivin M. Yu. Nepridumannaya cerkovnaya istoriya: vlast' i Cerkov' v Sovetskoy Rossii (oktyabr' 1917-go - konec 1930-h godov). – Volgograd: Peremena, 1997. – 367 s.
12. Mavlyutova Z. Sh. Bor'ba sovetskoy vlasti s religioznym soznaniem naseleniya Zaural'ya v 1920-e gg. // Vestnik arheologii, antropologii i etnografii.– 2011.-- № 1(14).– S. 191–195.
13. Nikol'skaya T.K. Sovetskaya religioznaya politika i bor'ba s protestantskim podpol'em v 1960-1980-e gody // Novaya politicheskaya istoriya: Sbornik nauchnyh rabot. – Spb.: Izd-vo EUSPb.;
14. Odincov M. I. «Svetskoe gosudarstvo» v Rossii, v ideologii i praktike bol'shevikov
15. O merah po usileniyu antireligioznoy raboty. (Okonchatel'naya redakciya, prinyataya komissiey PB na osnovanii postanovleniya PB ot 24 yanvarya 1929 g. protokol № 61, p. 4).
16. Pis'mo L. D. Trockogo po voprosu iz'yatiya iz cerkvey predmetov, imeyuschih muzeynuyu cennost'. 5 aprelya 1922 g. URL: https://istmat.org/node/34051
17. Pospelovskiy D. V. Russkaya pravoslavnaya cerkov' v XX v. – M.: Respublika, 1995. – 511 s. Pospelovskii D. V. Russkaya pravoslavnaya tserkov' v XX v. – M.: Respublika, 1995. – 511 s.
18. Russkaya Pravoslavnaya Cerkov' v sovetskoe vremya (1917–1991): Materialy i dokumenty po istorii otnosheniy mezhdu gosudarstvom i cerkov'yu: V 2 knigah / Sost. G. Shtrikker. M., 1995.
19. Smirnov M. Yu. Religiya i Bibliya v trudah V. I. Lenina: novyy vzglyad na staruyu temu // Gosudarstvo, religiya, Cerkov' v Rossii i za rubezhom.– 2011.– T. 29.– № 2.– S. 106–125.
20. Soskovec L. I. Religioznye organizacii i veruyuschie v Covetskom gosudarstve / L. I. Soskovec; pod red. N. S. Lar'kova. – Tomsk: TML-Press, 2008. – 249 s.
21. Stalin I.V. Sochineniya. T. 10.– M.: OGIZ; Gosudarstvennoe izdatel'stvo politicheskoy literatury, 1949.
22. Storchak V. M. Sovetskaya grazhdanskaya religiya – M.: IIC «ATiSO», 2019. – 399 s.
23. Trockiy L. D. Sochineniya / L. Trockiy. – M.: L.: Gosizdat, 1924–1927. Seriya 6: Problemy kul'tury. T. 21: Kul'tura perehodnogo perioda. – 1927. – XI, 520 s.
24. Fedotov A. A. Russkaya Pravoslavnaya Cerkov' v 1943–2000 gg.: vnutricerkovnaya zhizn', vzaimootnosheniya s gosudarstvom i obschestvom – Ivanovo: Ivanovskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet,
25. Shkarovskiy M. V. Russkaya Pravoslavnaya Cerkov' v XX veke.– M.: Veche, 2010. – 480 s.
