<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE article
PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20190208//EN"
       "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.4" xml:lang="en">
 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Scientific Notes of V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Juridical science</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Scientific Notes of V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Juridical science</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Ученые записки Крымского федерального университета имени В. И. Вернадского. Юридические науки</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2413-1733</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">55985</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29039/2413-1733-2021-7-4-28-36</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Теория и история права и государства; История учений о праве и государстве</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>THEORY AND HISTORY OF LAW AND THE STATE; HISTORY OF THE TEACHINGS OF LAW AND THE STATE</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Теория и история права и государства; История учений о праве и государстве</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">PROBLEMS IN ORIGIN OF STATEHOOD IN THE MESOAMERICA</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>ПРОБЛЕМНЫЕ МОМЕНТЫ В ПОЯВЛЕНИИ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОСТИ В МЕЗОАМЕРИКЕ</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Кошман</surname>
       <given-names>В. А.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Koshman</surname>
       <given-names>V. A.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Российский государственный университет правосудия</institution>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Russian University of Justice</institution>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-02-20T13:47:52+03:00">
    <day>20</day>
    <month>02</month>
    <year>2023</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-02-20T13:47:52+03:00">
    <day>20</day>
    <month>02</month>
    <year>2023</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>7</volume>
   <issue>4</issue>
   <fpage>28</fpage>
   <lpage>36</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-12-22T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>22</day>
     <month>12</month>
     <year>2022</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="http://sn-law.cfuv.ru/problemnyie-momentyi-v-poyavlenii-gosudarstvennosti-v-mezoamerike/">http://sn-law.cfuv.ru/problemnyie-momentyi-v-poyavlenii-gosudarstvennosti-v-mezoamerike/</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>В статье рассматривается методологические проблемы происхождения государственности. Внимание заостряется на анализ отдельных регионов в моменты формирования политий. Проанализированы отдельные  проблемные  аспекты  становления  структуры  общества  в  Теотиуакане.  Указывается,  что поиск  централизованных  моделей  управления  ни  к  чему  не  привели,  а  вместо  этого  появляется  все больше сведения в пользу гетерархичной системы управления. Приводятся проблемы интерпретаций возникновения государства в долине Оахака. Оценивается роль долины Оахака в формировании государственности в Мезоамерике.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>In the article methodological problems of statehood origin are described. Author’s attention is drawn on analysis of certain regions in the time of local polities formation. Particular problematic aspects of society structure formation in the Teotihuacan are being analyzed. It is stated that search for centralized modes of governance there results in nothing, instead there are more data on heterarchical system of governance. Problems of statehood origin’s interpretation in the Oaxaca valley are presented. Role of the Oaxaca valley in Mesoamerica’s statehood formation is evaluated.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>Мезоамерика</kwd>
    <kwd>государственность</kwd>
    <kwd>сапотеки</kwd>
    <kwd>Теотиуакан</kwd>
    <kwd>долина Оахака</kwd>
    <kwd>Монте  Альбан</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>Mesoamerica</kwd>
    <kwd>statehood</kwd>
    <kwd>Zapotecs</kwd>
    <kwd>Teotihuacan</kwd>
    <kwd>Oaxaca valley</kwd>
    <kwd>Monte Alban.</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
 </body>
 <back>
  <ref-list>
   <ref id="B1">
    <label>1.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Carballo, David. (2013). The social organization of craft production and interregional exchange at teotihuacan. Merchants, Markets, and Exchange in the Pre-Columbian World. pp. 113-140.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Carballo, David. (2013). The social organization of craft production and interregional exchange at teotihuacan. Merchants, Markets, and Exchange in the Pre-Columbian World. pp. 113-140.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B2">
    <label>2.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cecelia F. Klein, Eulogio Guzmán, Elisa C. Mandell, and Maya Stanfield-Mazzi The Role of Shamanism in Mesoamerican Art: A Reassessment // Current Anthropology, Vol. 43, No. 3 (June 2002), pp. 383-419</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cecelia F. Klein, Eulogio Guzmán, Elisa C. Mandell, and Maya Stanfield-Mazzi The Role of Shamanism in Mesoamerican Art: A Reassessment // Current Anthropology, Vol. 43, No. 3 (June 2002), pp. 383-419</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B3">
    <label>3.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Christina Elson Cultural Evolution in the Southern Highlands of Mexico: From the Emergence of Social Inequality and Urban Society to the Decline of Classic-Period States // The Oxford Handbook of Mesoamerican Archaeology Edited by Deborah L. Nichols, pp.231-246</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Christina Elson Cultural Evolution in the Southern Highlands of Mexico: From the Emergence of Social Inequality and Urban Society to the Decline of Classic-Period States // The Oxford Handbook of Mesoamerican Archaeology Edited by Deborah L. Nichols, pp.231-246</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B4">
    <label>4.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cowgill, George L. Ancient Teotihuacan : early urbanism in Central Mexico / George L. Cowgill, Arizona State Universit, 2015</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cowgill, George L. Ancient Teotihuacan : early urbanism in Central Mexico / George L. Cowgill, Arizona State Universit, 2015</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B5">
    <label>5.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">David M. Carballo Power, Politics, and Governance at Teotihuacan // Teotihuacan : the world beyond the city / Kenneth G. Hirth, David M. Carballo, and Barbara Arroyo, editors, Dumbarton Oaks, 2020, pp.57-96</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">David M. Carballo Power, Politics, and Governance at Teotihuacan // Teotihuacan : the world beyond the city / Kenneth G. Hirth, David M. Carballo, and Barbara Arroyo, editors, Dumbarton Oaks, 2020, pp.57-96</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B6">
    <label>6.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Deborah l . Nichols City, State, and Hinterlands Teotihuacan and Central Mexico// Teotihuacan : the world beyond the city / Kenneth G. Hirth, David M. Carballo, and Barbara Arroyo, editors, Dumbarton Oaks, 2020, pp. 227-277</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Deborah l . Nichols City, State, and Hinterlands Teotihuacan and Central Mexico// Teotihuacan : the world beyond the city / Kenneth G. Hirth, David M. Carballo, and Barbara Arroyo, editors, Dumbarton Oaks, 2020, pp. 227-277</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B7">
    <label>7.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Deborah L. Nichols, Hector Neff and George L. Cowgill (2013). Cerro Portezuelo: states and hinterlands in the Prehispanic basin of Mexico. Ancient Mesoamerica, 24, pp 4771 doi:10.1017/S0956536113000035</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Deborah L. Nichols, Hector Neff and George L. Cowgill (2013). Cerro Portezuelo: states and hinterlands in the Prehispanic basin of Mexico. Ancient Mesoamerica, 24, pp 4771 doi:10.1017/S0956536113000035</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B8">
    <label>8.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Demarest, Arthur A Ideology in Ancient Maya Cultural Evolution: The Dynamics of Galactic Polities. In Ideology and Pre-Columbian Civilizations, edited by Arthur A. Demarest and Geoffrey Conrad, pp. 135-157. School of American Research Press, Santa Fe, 1992</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Demarest, Arthur A Ideology in Ancient Maya Cultural Evolution: The Dynamics of Galactic Polities. In Ideology and Pre-Columbian Civilizations, edited by Arthur A. Demarest and Geoffrey Conrad, pp. 135-157. School of American Research Press, Santa Fe, 1992</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B9">
    <label>9.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guillén, Ann Cyphers. «Women, Rituals, and Social Dynamics at Ancient Chalcatzingo.» Latin American Antiquity 4, no. 3 (1993): 209-24. Accessed January 28, 2021. doi:10.2307/971789.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guillén, Ann Cyphers. «Women, Rituals, and Social Dynamics at Ancient Chalcatzingo.» Latin American Antiquity 4, no. 3 (1993): 209-24. Accessed January 28, 2021. doi:10.2307/971789.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B10">
    <label>10.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guy David Hepp La Consentida: Initial Early Formative period settlement, subsistence, and social organization on the Pacific coast of Oaxaca, Mexico Ph.d. thesis University of Colorado 2015</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guy David Hepp La Consentida: Initial Early Formative period settlement, subsistence, and social organization on the Pacific coast of Oaxaca, Mexico Ph.d. thesis University of Colorado 2015</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B11">
    <label>11.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Inomata, T., Triadan, D., Vázquez López, V.A. et al. Monumental architecture at Aguada Fénix and the rise of Maya civilization. Nature 582, 530-533 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2343-4,</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Inomata, T., Triadan, D., Vázquez López, V.A. et al. Monumental architecture at Aguada Fénix and the rise of Maya civilization. Nature 582, 530-533 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2343-4,</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B12">
    <label>12.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">James Borowicz. (2003) Images of Power and the Power of Images: Early Classic Iconographic Programs of the Carved Monuments of Tikal. In Geoffrey Braswell (Ed.), The Maya and Teotihuacan: Reinterpreting Early Classic Interaction (pp.217-234). Austin, TX: University of Texas Press.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">James Borowicz. (2003) Images of Power and the Power of Images: Early Classic Iconographic Programs of the Carved Monuments of Tikal. In Geoffrey Braswell (Ed.), The Maya and Teotihuacan: Reinterpreting Early Classic Interaction (pp.217-234). Austin, TX: University of Texas Press.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B13">
    <label>13.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Laporte, Juan Pedro. (2003). Architectual Aspects of Interaction Between Tikal and Teotihuacan During the Early Classic Period. In Geoffrey Braswell (Ed.), The Maya and Teotihuacan: Reinterpreting Early Classic Interaction (pp.199-216). Austin, TX: University of Texas Press.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Laporte, Juan Pedro. (2003). Architectual Aspects of Interaction Between Tikal and Teotihuacan During the Early Classic Period. In Geoffrey Braswell (Ed.), The Maya and Teotihuacan: Reinterpreting Early Classic Interaction (pp.199-216). Austin, TX: University of Texas Press.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B14">
    <label>14.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Linda R. Manzanilla Citation Tools Cooperation and tensions in multiethnic societies // Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Jul 2015, 112 (30) 9210-9215; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1419881112</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Linda R. Manzanilla Citation Tools Cooperation and tensions in multiethnic societies // Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Jul 2015, 112 (30) 9210-9215; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1419881112</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B15">
    <label>15.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marisol Cortes Rincon A Comparative Study of Fortification Developments Throughout the Maya Region and Implications of Warfare, Doctoral Dissertation, The University of Texas at Austin, 2007, p.84-180</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marisol Cortes Rincon A Comparative Study of Fortification Developments Throughout the Maya Region and Implications of Warfare, Doctoral Dissertation, The University of Texas at Austin, 2007, p.84-180</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B16">
    <label>16.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mixtecs, Zapotecs, and Chatinos: ancient peoples of southern Mexico/Arthur A. Joyce, John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd, 2010.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mixtecs, Zapotecs, and Chatinos: ancient peoples of southern Mexico/Arthur A. Joyce, John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd, 2010.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B17">
    <label>17.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Phillip Julius Wanyerka Classic Maya political organization: epigraphic evidence of hierarchical organization in the Southern Maya mountains region of Belize, ph.d. dissertation, 2009.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Phillip Julius Wanyerka Classic Maya political organization: epigraphic evidence of hierarchical organization in the Southern Maya mountains region of Belize, ph.d. dissertation, 2009.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B18">
    <label>18.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Plunket, Patricia, and Gabriela Uruñuela. «Where East Meets West: The Formative in Mexico’s Central Highlands.» Journal of Archaeological Research 20, no. 1 (2012): 1-51. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41410939.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Plunket, Patricia, and Gabriela Uruñuela. «Where East Meets West: The Formative in Mexico’s Central Highlands.» Journal of Archaeological Research 20, no. 1 (2012): 1-51. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41410939.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B19">
    <label>19.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Smith, Michael E. » The Teotihuacan Anomaly: The Historical Trajectory of Urban Design in Ancient Central Mexico», Open Archaeology 3, 1 (2017): 175-193, doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/opar-2017-0010</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smith, Michael E. » The Teotihuacan Anomaly: The Historical Trajectory of Urban Design in Ancient Central Mexico», Open Archaeology 3, 1 (2017): 175-193, doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/opar-2017-0010</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B20">
    <label>20.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Teotihuacan and Oaxaca: Assessing Prehispanic Relations (Gary M. Feinman and Linda M. Nicholas, 2020). In Teotihuacan, The World Beyond the City, edited by Kenneth G. Hirth, David M. Carballo, and Barbara Arroyo, pp. 331-369. Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Teotihuacan and Oaxaca: Assessing Prehispanic Relations (Gary M. Feinman and Linda M. Nicholas, 2020). In Teotihuacan, The World Beyond the City, edited by Kenneth G. Hirth, David M. Carballo, and Barbara Arroyo, pp. 331-369. Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B21">
    <label>21.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wahl, D., Anderson, L., Estrada-Belli, F. et al. Palaeoenvironmental, epigraphic and archaeological evidence of total warfare among the Classic Maya. Nat Hum Behav 3, 1049-1054 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-019-0671-x</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wahl, D., Anderson, L., Estrada-Belli, F. et al. Palaeoenvironmental, epigraphic and archaeological evidence of total warfare among the Classic Maya. Nat Hum Behav 3, 1049-1054 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-019-0671-x</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B22">
    <label>22.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Widmer, R.J., Storey, R. Skeletal health and patterns of animal food consumption at S3W1:33 (Tlajinga 33), Teotihuacan. Archaeol Anthropol Sci 9, 51-60 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-016-0417</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Widmer, R.J., Storey, R. Skeletal health and patterns of animal food consumption at S3W1:33 (Tlajinga 33), Teotihuacan. Archaeol Anthropol Sci 9, 51-60 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-016-0417</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
  </ref-list>
 </back>
</article>
