Scientific Notes of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Biology. Chemistry

Ученые записки Крымского федерального университета имени В.И. Вернадского. Биология. Химия.

2413-1725

91828

10.29039/2413-1725-2024-10-3-191-206

БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ

PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF PELARGONIUM GRAVEOLENS L’HÉR. IN CULTURAL CONDITIONS ON THE SOUTHERN COAST OF THE CRIMEA

ФИТОХИМИЧЕСКИЙ СОСТАВ ЭФИРНОГО МАСЛА ПЕЛАРГОНИИ ДУШИСТОЙ (PELARGONIUM GRAVEOLENS L’HÉR.) В УСЛОВИЯХ КУЛЬТУРЫ НА ЮЖНОМ БЕРЕГУ КРЫМА

Сахно

Татьяна Михайловна

Sahno

Tat'yana Mihaylovna

sahno_tanya@mail.ru

Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки «Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Никитский ботанический сад – Национальный научный центр РАН» Россия Federal State Funded Institution of Science “The Labour Red Banner Order Nikitsky Botanical Gardens – National Scientific Center of the RAS” Russian Federation

12 12 2024

10 3 191 206 11 12 2024

https://sn-biolchem.cfuv.ru/fitohimicheskij-sostav-efirnogo-masla-pelargonii-dushistoj-pelargonium-graveolens-lher-v-usloviyah-kultury-na-yuzhnom-beregu-kryma/

В статье представлены результаты изучения массовой доли и компонентного состава эфирного масла (ЭМ) Pelargonium graveolens L'Hйr. в условиях открытого грунта Южного берега Крыма. Эфирное масло получали методом гидродистилляции на аппаратах Гинзберга. Компонентный состав эфирного масла определяли с помощью аппаратно-программного комплекса на базе хроматографа «Хроматэк-Кристалл 5000.2». Массовая доля ЭМ в свежесобранном сырье составила 0,22 %. Эфирное масло представлено 41 компонентом, 87,8 % из которых идентифицированы. Установлено, что количественно преобладающими компонентами ЭМ изучаемого образца P. graveolens являются: терпеновые спирты: цитронеллол – 39,67 %, гераниол – 13,61 % и терпеновый эфир – цитронеллил формиат 10,58 %. Полученные результаты позволяют рассматривать P. graveolens для условий ЮБК как ценный сырьевой источник с целью получения натурального ЭМ отечественного производства для нужд фармацевтической, парфюмерно-косметической и пищевой отраслей промышленности.

The article presents the results of a study of the mass fraction and component composition of essential oil obtained from the above-ground mass of rose-scent geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L’Hér.), grown in open ground conditions on the Southern Coast of the Crimea (SCC). P. graveolens is a species of the genus Pelargonium, a combined Geraniaceae, naturally produced in the Cape Floristic Region and widely cultivated throughout the world as a valuable ornamental, essential oil and medicinal plant. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation using Ginsberg apparatus. The component composition of essential oils was determined using a hardware and software complex based on a chromatograph “Chromatek-Crystal 5000.2” equipped with a mass spectrometric detector. Identification was performed based on a comparison of the obtained mass spectra with data from the NIST 14 library (National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA). “MS Search” spectrum search and identification program (USA). Retention indices were obtained by logarithmic interpolation of the presented retention times using the analytical standard of a mixture of reference n-alkanes “Sigma-Aldrich” (Switzerland) and analytical standards “Supelco” (USA). The mass fraction of components in the sample was determined by the percentage normalization method. The mass fraction of EOs in freshly collected raw materials is 0.22 % and 1.33 % in terms of absolutely dry weight. The essential oil is represented by 41 components, 87.8 % of which have been identified. Based on the results of chromatographic analysis, it was established that the quantitatively predominant components of the EO of the studied sample of P. graveolens under the conditions of the SCC are: terpene alcohols: citronellol – 39.67 %, geraniol – 13.61 % and terpene ether – citronellyl formate 10.58 %. The EO sample was characterized by a small amount of undesirable components, such as isomenthone (5 %) and a complete absence of 10-epi-udesmol and menthone. By this composition, the EO obtained under the conditions of the SCC is close to samples, produced from raw materials grown in China, Armenia and Tajikistan. The results obtained allow us to consider P. graeolens for the conditions of the SCC as a promising source of natural essential oils of domestic production for the needs of pharmaceutical, perfumery, cosmetics and food industries.

Pelargonium graveolens L'Hйr. эфирное масло массовая доля компонентный состав Южный берег Крыма

Pelargonium graveolens L’Hér. essential oil mass fraction component composition Southern Coast of the Crimea.

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