Sevastopol'skiy gosudarstvennyy universitet
During the ecological monitoring of freshwater bodies in the suburbs of Sevastopol from 2023 to 2024, including the pond at Toropova Dacha, the lake near Mount Gasforta, as well as the Inkerman and Kadykovsky quarries, data on the hydrochemical characteristics of these water bodies were collected. The study demonstrated a significant influence of the elemental and mineral composition of surface rocks on the diversity of freshwater microplankton. Elevated amounts of aluminum (up to 2.8 %), manganese (up to 0.6 %), sulfur (0.4 %), and zinc (up to 0.1 %) were detected in the Kadykovsky quarry, correlating with low biodiversity (13 morphotypes) and the dominance of the dinoflagellate algae Ceratium hirundinella. The increased nitrate concentrations (up to 20 mg/L) in this water body are likely associated with a one-time anthropogenic impact. In contrast, water bodies with a more balanced chemical composition, such as the pond at Toropova Dacha and the Inkerman quarry, exhibited significant microplankton diversity (up to 48 morphotypes). The hydrochemical parameters of the water were also examined, including pH, temperature, salinity, and concentrations of biogenic elements. The pH of the water was close to neutral (pH=7.1±1.2), with temperature fluctuations ranging from 8 to 22 °C depending on the season. The freshest water was found in the Lake Gasforta (198 ppm), while the highest salinity was recorded in the Kadykovsky quarry (381–504 ppm). Temporal differences in substance concentrations were observed, such as peak nitrate concentration in the Kadykovsky quarry and high phosphate and silicate concentrations in the pond at Toropova Dacha. Microplankton analysis revealed that the dinoflagellate algae Ceratium hirundinella dominated in the Kadykovsky quarry, indicating an atypical ecological state. The other water bodies, like the pond at Toropova Dacha and the Inkerman quarry, demonstrated higher microplankton biodiversity, highlighting the importance of a balanced chemical composition of water for ecosystem health. Water bodies with lower concentrations of toxic elements, such as aluminum, manganese, sulfur, and zinc, exhibited greater biodiversity, underscoring the necessity for pollution monitoring to preserve ecosystems. The results of this study emphasize the importance of integrating geochemical and hydrobiological data for effective water resource management in the recreational zone of Sevastopol. Data on the mineral composition of surface rocks and microplankton biodiversity can be used to develop strategies for preventing freshwater ecosystem degradation and ensuring their sustainability.
minerals, elemental analysis, hydrochemistry, sequential filtration, microscopy, freshwater microplankton, biodiversity, sustainability of biogeocenoses.
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