The article analyzes ways of interpreting the definition of «Viking Age» depending on the methodological apparatus of the study. Three stages of scientific research of the Scandinavian society of the «Viking Age» are identified and the time of emergence of the definition «Viking Age” in historiography is revealed. Research devoted to the study of the Scandinavian society of the «Viking Age» is methodologically based on a unitary-stage and plural-cyclic approach. The dependence of the method of interpreting the definition on the prevailing methodological approach of the study is analyzed. Within the framework of the unitary-stage approach, two main directions of studying the «Viking Age» have emerged. Within the classical direction of English, French and German historiography, the definition of «Viking Age» is interpreted as one of the stages of national history. The Marxist and neo-Marxist trends in Soviet and post-Soviet historiography are characterized by a dualistic interpretation of the definition of the «Viking Age» as a squealing surge of the Great Migration of Peoples and as a separate era of development of the countries of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The plural-cyclical approach, common in the historiography of the Scandinavian countries, is characterized by the interpretation of the definition of the «Viking Age» as an independent period in the history of the European Middle Ages.
definition of «Viking Age», methodological approach, historiography
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