Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disorder accompanied by chronic hyperglycemia and systemic damage to target organs, including the liver, kidneys, and cardiovascular system. One of the urgent challenges of modern experimental and clinical medicine is the search for new therapeutic agents that can complement standard approaches to the treatment and prevention of diabetes-related complications. In this context, special attention is given to the role of gut microbiota and the possibility of its targeted modulation through the use of probiotics. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of a probiotic microbial consortium (PMC), including strains of Lactobacillus parabuchneri, L. plantarum, L. acidophilus, Enterococcus faecium, and Brettanomyces bruxellensis, on the biochemical blood parameters of rats with alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus. The experiment was carried out on Wistar albino rats, which were divided into three groups: a control group, a diabetic group, and a diabetic group receiving a 21-day course of PMC after alloxan-induced diabetes modeling. The obtained results showed that alloxan administration caused persistent hyperglycemia, disturbances in protein, nitrogen, and lipid metabolism, and a significant increase in hepatic enzyme activity, reflecting the systemic nature of metabolic shifts in diabetes. Administration of the PMC contributed to a reduction in blood glucose levels, partial restoration of total protein and albumin levels, normalization of creatinine, uric acid, and urea concentrations, as well as decreased alanine and aspartate aminotransferase activity. Moreover, there was a trend towards improvement in lipid profiles, including cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels. Thus, PMC administration in the context of alloxan-induced diabetes positively affects key biochemical parameters, demonstrating moderate hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, and renoprotective effects. These findings support the advisability of using probiotics as an adjunctive therapy for correcting metabolic disturbances in diabetes mellitus. Further research is required to clarify the molecular mechanisms of PMC action and evaluate its therapeutic potential under conditions of chronic hyperglycemia.
alloxan-induced diabetes, probiotic microbial consortium, biochemical blood parameters, rats
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