One of the most pressing public health issues of our time is vitamin D insufficiency during pregnancy, as it is a major factor in programming foetal development with subsequent risk of disease in childhood and adulthood. Eating disorders in several generations of a family indicate the magnitude of the problem of vitamin D insufficiency, the solution to which is necessary to promote health and improve the quality of life of the population. The aim was to analyse changes in biochemical and calcium-regulating markers of mineral metabolism during critical periods of postnatal development in three generations of laboratory animals, as a function of the level of vitamin D supply. Material and methods. A total of 255 experimental animals were used in the study. In the first phase, 24 mature female Wistar rats were modelled with hypovitaminosis D and randomly divided into two subgroups after mating: Subgroup 1 - without vitamin D supplementation (n=12), Subgroup 2 - with vitamin D supplementation at 500 IU per day (n=12). 12 parity laboratory animals were selected as controls. The results of the study showed that hypocalcaemia and hypophosphatemia were observed in vitamin D-deficient experimental animals, with a significant increase in serum parathyroid hormone concentration - on average 5.5 times (p<0.001) and an increase in alkaline phosphatase activity - on average 1.6 times (p<0.001) compared to the group with normal vitamin D supply. These changes were most pronounced during periods of active growth and lactation. Conclusion. The data obtained indicate the importance of adequate vitamin D intake, which suggests the need for further study of the pathogenetic and biochemical basis of the dose-dependent effect of applied vitamin D from the point of view of the health of future generations.
hypovitaminosis D, mineral metabolism, calcium-regulating markers, laboratory animals, critical periods of postnatal ontogenesis, vitamin D supplementation
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