The paper examines the ecological and cenotic role of invasive woody plant species in forest-steppe ecosystems. The impact of discussed plants on the composition, structure, and ecology of these habitats was determined. Communities dominated by adventive trees and shrubs are characterized by low species richness – approximately 2-3 times less compared to background forest-steppe phytocenoses. Changes in the ecological parameters of oak forest and meadow-steppe communities were revealed. For the sloping limestone meadow steppe, there is an increase in the values of soil moisture (from 9.5 to 12.4), climate humidity (from 7.5 to 7.8), soil nitrogen content (from 4.6 to 6.3), illumination/shading (from 2.6 to 4.2); while indicators of climate continentality (from 9.4 to 8.6), soil acidity (from 8.8 to 7.4) and soil temperatures (from 8.8 to 8.5) decrease. For the sloping cretaceous forest-steppe, the following parameters increase: soil moisture (from 9.0 to 9.6), salt regime (from 6.8 to 7.3), soil nitrogen content (from 4.1 to 4.6) and illumination/shading (from 2.1 to 2.6) while there is a decrease in soil acidity (from 8.8 to 7.6). The ecological and cenotic strategy of invasive species in the region is aimed at transforming zonal and azonal ecosystem types with weakening and replacement of native ecosystem engineers. Ecotone anthropogenic habitats successfully occupy communities which were successfully colonized by communities of Acer negundo and Robinia pseudoacacia, blocking the development of zonal phytocenoses from Acer tataricum L. and Prunus spinosa L. The change in the ecology of rocky habitats leads to the transformation of the meadow steppe on limestone and the disappearance of populations of light-loving thermophilic calciferous-petrophytic plants. Protected areas are losing their ecological value as reference biosphere objects.
invasive species, alien species, phytocenosis, ecological scales, ecosystem, biotope, Central Russian forest-steppe.
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