Simferopol', Simferopol, Russian Federation
The article presents the results of studies of foundation models when breaking along inclined sections and in the form of punching. For rational planning of experiments, a large combination square was constructed, consisting of 25 medium-sized squares corresponding to all combinations of two factors (cubic strength of concrete and reinforcement coefficient). Each of the 25 middle squares, in turn, consists of 25 cells, corresponding to all possible combinations of other factors: the height of the foundation slab and the relative overhang of the cantilever part. Experimental studies were carried out with large-scale reinforced concrete models of foundations on a sand base, which made it possible to study the parameters of the joint operation of the foundation and soil, and to establish geometric and strength factors that play an important role in the formation of the process of brittle destruction of the foundation (overhang of cantilevers, height of the foundation slab, reinforcement, strength of concrete). Materials and methods: Our experimental studies were divided into two phases: 1 – conducting staged experiments on large-scale reinforced concrete models of foundations in order to select four factors, since a greater number of factors introduced into empirical formulas practically does not increase the accuracy of the formulas, but only increases the number and labor intensity of experiments; 2 – study of the influence of the shape of the plot, normal contact stresses and established primary factors on the strength when punching foundations of full-scale dimensions (2x2 m). Staged experimental studies were carried out on a series of three or five identical models of foundations with a plan size of 1x1x0.1 m (height) at different values of the factors under study. The foundation structures are shown in Figure 1. Results: experimental study of the effect of diagrams of contact stresses of sandy soil on the strength of full-scale columnar foundations during punching; identification of real forms of the punching pyramid on full-scale reinforced concrete foundation samples; development of a method for calculating the strength of brittle fracture of columnar foundations on a sand base; obtaining mathematical dependencies of the destructive load on the parameters of the foundation structure; New structural solutions for foundations.
foundation, soil, exploration, planning, reinforced, concrete
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