The results of the investigation of analytical characteristics of pectins from fruit Cornus mas L. of wild plants of the Republic of Crimea have been given. It was determined that the content of water-soluble pectin ranges from 0,2 to 0,3 % by weight of dry matter. It has been established that the number of esterified groups of dogwood pectin is 65,0–67,0 %, which indicates that it belongs to highly esterified pectins. It was determined that the number of free carboxyl groups in dogwood pectin is 2,0 %. The presence of free carboxyl groups of galacturonic acid in pectin promotes the formation of complexes with heavy and radioactive substances and their removal from the body. Solubility, the ability to react with metal ions and form jellies depends on the ratio of free and esterified carboxyl groups in the pectin molecule. The properties of pectin substances are determined by the degree of methoxylation and the content of acetyl groups. Acetyl groups associated with hydroxyl groups significantly impair the gelling properties of pectins. Dogwood pectin contains a small content of acetyl groups (less than one), that is, pectin has good gelling properties. No less significant is the content of methoxyl groups in the pectin molecule, on which solubility and gelling ability depend. The greater the presence of methoxyl groups, the more soluble the pectin is and the higher the gelling factor. The high content of methoxyl groups (6,4–6,8 %) in dogwood pectin indicates the advisability of using this raw material to obtain pectin-containing products. As a result of the research, it was established that, taking into account the high content of methoxyl groups and low acetyl groups, pectin isolated from dogwood has a good ability to form gels. Determination of the qualitative characteristics of dogwood pectin substances indicates the advisability of using this raw material for the production of pectin-containing products.
Cornus mas L., pectins, analytical characteristics, conductometric titration
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