he aim of the study was to determine the effect of the immunosuppressive effect of methotrexate on the spleen structure of pregnant rats in the second gestation period. Materials and methods. The experiment wascarried out on 24 rats of the second week of pregnancy, divided into control and experimental groups. The experimental scheme was tested in similar studies earlier on experimental rat models and proved its effectiveness. After theend of the experiment, which lasted until the end of the second week of gestation, to assess the effect of exposure to methotrexate, the test material was taken, the absolute and relative mass of the spleen, linear parameters (length, width, thickness), volume were measured. In addition, micromorphometric parameters of the immune organ were determined,which make it possible to assess structural changes at the cellular and tissue levels, including determining the size of the ymph node (larger and smaller diameter), the size of its individual zones: mantle and marginal. Thearea of the reactive center, the central artery, and the periarterial zone were determined. To establish systemic effects, the dynamics of immunological and hormonal parameters of rodent blood plasma was studied. In particular, the levels of such mediators of intercellular interaction as interleukin 1-beta, interleukin-2, interleukin-6 and tumornecrosis factor-alpha, as well as concentrations of progesterone, estradiol, follitropin and luteinizing hormones were studied. Results. The results of the study demonstrated that exposure to the immunosuppressive drug methotrexate had a significant effect on the immune system of pregnant rats. In particular, there were significant changes in the morphometric parameters of one of the key immune organs, compared with the indicators of the control group. These structuralchanges were accompanied by a marked decrease in the concentration of intercellular mediators, which play an important role in the regulation of immune processes. In addition, significant changes in the hormonal background were recorded in the blood plasma of animals exposed to methotrexate. Conclusions. The results obtained indicate an active response from the spleen during immunosuppression during pregnancy.
spleen, gestation, immunosuppression, methotrexate, rats
1. Tenetilova L. A. Vliyanie antropogennyh faktorov okruzhayuschey sredy na cheloveka v so-vremennyh usloviyah. Vestnik sel'skogo razvi-tiya i social'noy politiki. 2016;4(12):78-84.
2. Stepanova N. A., Vismont F. I. Narusheniya immunologicheskoy reaktivnosti (patofiziologicheskie aspekty); Minsk BGMU; 2010.
3. Belocerkovceva L. D., Kovalenko L. V., Sinyukova T. A., Mordovina I. I. Sostoyanie kletochnogo immuniteta i citokinovogo balansa u beremennyh zhenschin pri vnutriutrobnom inficirovanii. Zhurnal
4. Zaharov A. A. Izmeneniya v stroenii ti-musa belyh krys posle primeneniya imunofana. Morfologiya. 2008;2(3):34-38. doihttps://doi.org/10.26641/1997-9665.2008.3.34-38.
5. Kaschenko S. A., Zaharov A. A. Osobennosti stroeniya timusa belyh krys posle immunostimu-lyacii i immunosupressii. 2009;5(3-1):075-078.
6. Kaschenko S. A., Semenchuk S. N. Vliyanie me-totreksata na matku krys molodogo vozrasta re-produktivnogo perioda. Morfologicheskiy al'-manah imeni V. G. Koveshnikova. 2021;19(2):47-52.
7. Kaschenko S. A., Zaharov A. A., Moiseeva M. I. Morfogenez kostey i organov immunnoy si-stemy laboratornyh krys pod deystviem ciklo-fosfana. Morfologicheskiy al'manah imeni V. G. Koveshnikova.
8. Directive 2010/63/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Union on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes, complying with the requirements of the European
9. European convention for the protection of vertebrate animals used for experimental and other scientific purpose: Council of Europe 18.03.1986. – Strasbourg; 1986:52.
10. Zaharov A. A., Lozychenko V. G. Effekt immunosupressivnogo vozdeystviya na strukturu selezenki krys na rannem sroke gestacii. Morfologicheskiy al'manah imeni V. G.Koveshniko-va. 2023;21(2):56-60.
11. Cyrenova D. Z., Gulyaev S. M., Hobrakova V. B. Vliyanie ekstrakta Phlomoides tuberosa (L.) Moench na strukturu selezenki myshey pri immunosupressii. Obzory po klinicheskoy farmakologii i
12. Bobrysheva I. V. Morfologicheskaya re-aktivnost' selezenki krys razlichnyh vozrast-nyh periodov pri immunosupressii. Journal of Siberian Medical Sciences. 2015;6:53.
13. Belik I. A., Luzin V. I. Effekt deystviya kvercetina na izmenenie organometricheskih parametrov nekotoryh organov limfoidnoy si-stemy krys-samcov, vyzvannyh dlitel'nym voz-deystviem
