Симферополь, Республика Крым, Россия
В статье впервые анализируется штампованная керамика золотоордынского времени, полученная за все годы археологического исследования средневековой Сугдеи. Несмотря на публикацию гончарных печей, производивших эту посуду, сама коллекция до сего времени не введена в научный оборот. Тем не менее, эта коллекция является одной из наиболее представительных для полуострова. Общее количество фрагментов составляет 84 поливных и неполивных экземпляра, включая и археологически целые формы, и 10 форм-матриц калыпе.На основании морфологических признаков можно выделить пять основных типов. Три из них, в зависимости от функционального назначения, четко делятся на два варианта. Два остальных типа представлены, пока, единичными сосудами, не находящими аналогий среди материалов Таврики и близлежащих территорий. В каждом из выделенных типов присутствуют сосуды, образующие две технологические группы. Орнаментальные рельефные мотивы образуют семь основных элементов, объединяемых в семь основных орнаментальных композиций с несколькими вариантами. Исходя из археологических контекстов, представленных, в основном, стратиграфическими горизонтами с широкими хронологическими рамками бытования, штампованная керамика Сугдеи датируется XIV – первой половиной XV в. Выделить комплексы первой четверти XIV в. не представляется возможным. Проанализирована территория распространения штампованной керамики и, прежде всего, наиболее представительные коллекции Солхата и Азака. Истоки появления такой керамики в Крыму неоднократно анализировались. Это и Хорезм, что оспаривается некоторыми специалистами, и территория Закавказья.
Сугдея золотоордынского времени, штампованная керамика, археологи- ческие контексты, морфология, технология, хронология
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